Global climate change is having a significant impact on biodiversity around the world. With rising average temperatures, changing weather patterns, and increasing extreme weather events, natural ecosystems face greater threats. One of the main effects is habitat loss. Climate change causes shifts in the distribution areas of various species, making their natural habitats no longer viable. For example, species living in mountainous areas are forced to rise to higher elevations, while coastal species are pushed inward as sea levels rise. Additionally, drastic changes in temperature affect reproductive timing and patterns. Many species depend on environmental temperature to determine their reproductive cycles. Uncertainty in weather patterns can cause misalignment between food maturation periods and the arrival of feeding species, creating negative impacts on animal populations. These changes may also exacerbate competition between species, where invasive species that are more resistant to temperature extremes take over areas previously occupied by native species. Marine ecosystems also face major challenges due to global warming. Rising sea temperatures are worsening coral reefs, which are important habitats for many marine species. Increasing coral bleaching events have resulted in a decline in the number of fish and other organisms that depend on reefs. In addition, increasing CO2 levels in the atmosphere cause acid pollution in marine waters, inhibiting the growth of organisms such as shellfish and plankton, which are the basis of the marine food chain. Biodiversity is also affected by changes in migration patterns. Many migratory species of birds and mammals depend on stable seasonal rhythms. Climate change could disrupt air and temperature patterns, altering their migration timelines. Species that cannot adapt quickly to these changes are threatened with extinction. No less important, the socio-economic impacts of climate change also affect biodiversity. As humans struggle with environmental impacts, they may try to overexploit natural resources, which in turn adds stress to ecosystems. Deforestation and overfishing often occur as humans try to meet pressing needs. With these increasing threats, there is an urgent need for better conservation strategies. Approaches that consider the complex interactions between species and climate change must be implemented. Conservation efforts, ecosystem restoration and stricter legislation are crucial to protecting biodiversity. International collaboration, in-depth research, and increased public awareness of the importance of maintaining healthy ecosystems are necessary to face this challenge. Indonesia, as a megadiverse country with many unique species, is threatened by climate change. Therefore, rapid and coordinated action is needed to protect biodiversity and maintain the balance of ecosystems that support life on earth.